Journal of Ecology and Conservation

ABSTRACT

Coffee, a globally consumed commodity, exerts significant environmental impacts through its cultivation practices. Traditional shade-grown coffee, which supports biodiversity and provides various ecological benefits, is increasingly being replaced by sun-grown coffee that involves deforestation for higher yields. This study critically examines the ecological and economic dimensions of shade-grown coffee in South India, particularly Tamil Nadu, and compares it with sun-grown coffee systems. It also investigates the role of avian species in providing pest control services within these agroforestry systems. Avian species play a pivotal role in natural pest control, thereby reducing reliance on chemical inputs and fostering ecological equilibrium. Birds act as natural predators, reducing populations of insect pests that can damage coffee plants. By feeding on a variety of pests, including beetles, caterpillars, and aphids, birds help maintain a balanced ecosystem and reduce the need for chemical pesticides. This ecological service not only enhances coffee yield and quality but also promotes biodiversity and sustainability in coffee plantations. The study explores the importance of conserving avian habitats to support effective and natural pest management. integrating coffee cultivation with biodiversity conservation. biodiversity conservation.The unique agroforestry practices in Tamil Nadu may serve as exemplary models of integrating coffee cultivation with Sustainable coffee agroforestry could be crucial for environmental conservation and long-term agricultural productivity. Future research should focus on optimizing shade-grown coffee practices, understanding the dynamics of bird-pest interactions, and developing strategies to promote shade-grown coffee through financial incentives, certification programs, and community engagement. These measures will ensure economic benefits for farmers while preserving ecological integrity.

Article History

KEYWORDS

1. Shade-grown coffee
2. Agroforestry systems
3. Biodiversity conservation
4. Natural pest control